Plotting a 3-D scatter plot using matplotlib

Overview:

A 3-d scatter plot marks how a dependent variable behaves in accordance with two other independent variables.
A 3-d scatter plot is drawn using a given dataset consisting of (X, Y, Z) data points a.k.a. trivariate data - where X, Y are independent and Z is dependent on X, Y.
The X axis is the horizontal axis, the Z axis is the depth axis and the Y axis is the vertical axis.

Example:

# Example Python program that uses csv.reader
# class to read from the iris dataset i.e., iris.csv
# and plots a 3d-scatter plot of (sepal length-X,
# sepal width-Y, petal length - Z)
import csv
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import numpy as np
from matplotlib import cm

plt.style.use('_mpl-gallery')

sepal_lengths = []
sepal_widths = []
petal_lengths = []

# Read from the CSV file
with open('iris.csv', newline='') as QuoteFile:
csvReader = csv.reader(QuoteFile, delimiter=',')
rowIndex = 0

for row in csvReader:
if rowIndex == 0:
rowIndex = rowIndex + 1
continue

rowIndex = rowIndex + 1
sepal_lengths.append(row[0]);
sepal_widths.append(row[1]);
petal_lengths.append(row[2]);

sepal_lengths_np = np.array(sepal_lengths, dtype=float)
sepal_widths_np = np.array(sepal_widths, dtype=float)
petal_lengths_np = np.array(petal_lengths, dtype=float)

# Plot
fig, ax = plt.subplots(subplot_kw={"projection": "3d"})

# Set the graph size
fig.set_size_inches(7, 6)

ax.view_init(vertical_axis='y', elev=30, azim=-120, roll=0)
ax.scatter(sepal_lengths_np, sepal_widths_np, petal_lengths_np, s = 50)

# Labels and title
ax.set_xlabel('X Axis - sepal_length')
ax.set_ylabel('Y Axis - sepal_width')
ax.set_zlabel('Z Axis - petal_length')
ax.text2D(0.25, 0.95,
"Sepal Length vs Sepal Width vs Petal Length",
transform = ax.transAxes)

plt.show()

Output:

3D scatter plot